Python: Key Words and Phrases

Python Overview

Keyword	Description
and	A logical operator
as	To create an alias
assert	For debugging
break	To break out of a loop
class	To define a class
continue	To continue to the next iteration of a loop
def	To define a function
del	To delete an object
elif	Used in conditional statements, same as else if
else	Used in conditional statements
except	Used with exceptions, what to do when an exception occurs
False	Boolean value, result of comparison operations
finally	Used with exceptions, a block of code that will be executed no matter if there is an exception or not
for	To create a for loop
from	To import specific parts of a module
global	To declare a global variable
if	To make a conditional statement
import	To import a module
in	To check if a value is present in a list, tuple, etc.
is	To test if two variables are equal
lambda	To create an anonymous function
None	Represents a null value
nonlocal	To declare a non-local variable
not	A logical operator
or	A logical operator
pass	A null statement, a statement that will do nothing
raise	To raise an exception
return	To exit a function and return a value
True	Boolean value, result of comparison operations
try	To make a try…except statement
while	To create a while loop
with	Used to simplify exception handling
yield	To return a list of values from a generator

 

Built-in Exceptions

The table below shows built-in exceptions that are usually raised in Python:

Exception	Description
ArithmeticError	Raised when an error occurs in numeric calculations
AssertionError	Raised when an assert statement fails
AttributeError	Raised when attribute reference or assignment fails
Exception	Base class for all exceptions
EOFError	Raised when the input() method hits an “end of file” condition (EOF)
FloatingPointError	Raised when a floating point calculation fails
GeneratorExit	Raised when a generator is closed (with the close() method)
ImportError	Raised when an imported module does not exist
IndentationError	Raised when indentation is not correct
IndexError	Raised when an index of a sequence does not exist
KeyError	Raised when a key does not exist in a dictionary
KeyboardInterrupt	Raised when the user presses Ctrl+c, Ctrl+z or Delete
LookupError	Raised when errors raised cant be found
MemoryError	Raised when a program runs out of memory
NameError	Raised when a variable does not exist
NotImplementedError	Raised when an abstract method requires an inherited class to override the method
OSError	Raised when a system related operation causes an error
OverflowError	Raised when the result of a numeric calculation is too large
ReferenceError	Raised when a weak reference object does not exist
RuntimeError	Raised when an error occurs that do not belong to any specific exceptions
StopIteration	Raised when the next() method of an iterator has no further values
SyntaxError	Raised when a syntax error occurs
TabError	Raised when indentation consists of tabs or spaces
SystemError	Raised when a system error occurs
SystemExit	Raised when the sys.exit() function is called
TypeError	Raised when two different types are combined
UnboundLocalError	Raised when a local variable is referenced before assignment
UnicodeError	Raised when a unicode problem occurs
UnicodeEncodeError	Raised when a unicode encoding problem occurs
UnicodeDecodeError	Raised when a unicode decoding problem occurs
UnicodeTranslateError	Raised when a unicode translation problem occurs
ValueError	Raised when there is a wrong value in a specified data type
ZeroDivisionError	Raised when the second operator in a division is zero

 

Built-in Exceptions

https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ref_exceptions.asp

https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ref_glossary.asp

The table below shows built-in exceptions that are usually raised in Python:

Exception	Description
ArithmeticError	Raised when an error occurs in numeric calculations
AssertionError	Raised when an assert statement fails
AttributeError	Raised when attribute reference or assignment fails
Exception	Base class for all exceptions
EOFError	Raised when the input() method hits an “end of file” condition (EOF)
FloatingPointError	Raised when a floating point calculation fails
GeneratorExit	Raised when a generator is closed (with the close() method)
ImportError	Raised when an imported module does not exist
IndentationError	Raised when indentation is not correct
IndexError	Raised when an index of a sequence does not exist
KeyError	Raised when a key does not exist in a dictionary
KeyboardInterrupt	Raised when the user presses Ctrl+c, Ctrl+z or Delete
LookupError	Raised when errors raised cant be found
MemoryError	Raised when a program runs out of memory
NameError	Raised when a variable does not exist
NotImplementedError	Raised when an abstract method requires an inherited class to override the method
OSError	Raised when a system related operation causes an error
OverflowError	Raised when the result of a numeric calculation is too large
ReferenceError	Raised when a weak reference object does not exist
RuntimeError	Raised when an error occurs that do not belong to any specific exceptions
StopIteration	Raised when the next() method of an iterator has no further values
SyntaxError	Raised when a syntax error occurs
TabError	Raised when indentation consists of tabs or spaces
SystemError	Raised when a system error occurs
SystemExit	Raised when the sys.exit() function is called
TypeError	Raised when two different types are combined
UnboundLocalError	Raised when a local variable is referenced before assignment
UnicodeError	Raised when a unicode problem occurs
UnicodeEncodeError	Raised when a unicode encoding problem occurs
UnicodeDecodeError	Raised when a unicode decoding problem occurs
UnicodeTranslateError	Raised when a unicode translation problem occurs
ValueError	Raised when there is a wrong value in a specified data type
ZeroDivisionError	Raised when the second operator in a division is zero